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The PlayStation Portable (プレイステーション?ポータブル - , Pureisutēshon Pōtaburu?,
officially abbreviated as PSP) is a handheld game console released and currently
manufactured by Sony Computer Entertainment. Its development was first announced
during E3 2003, and it was officially unveiled on May 11, 2004 at a Sony press
conference before E3 2004. The system was released in Japan on December 12,
2004, the United States and Canada on March 24, 2005 and in Europe and Australia
on September 1, 2005. It is considered the first handheld video game system to
use an optical disc format (Universal Media Disc).
A new slimmer and lighter version of the PlayStation Portable, titled Slim and
Lite, was announced on July 11, 2007 and Sony's press conference at E3 2007. It
will be available in the US, Europe and Japan in September 2007 with various
colors and a very different box packaging to the current PSP. Among these
versions three were physically shown at E3 2007: a white version with a Star
Wars imprint, a piano black version and an ice silver version.
Variations and accessories
PSP Core Pack Price History (Previous prices greyed out)
Country Price Date
United States US$199.99 April 30, 2007
United States US$169.99 May 14, 2007
Hong Kong HK$1360 April 3, 2007
South Korea KRW196,000 May 30, 2007
Europe EU€199,99 April 3, 2007
Europe EU€169,99 May 4, 2007
Canada CDN$199.99 April 3, 2007
India INR 13990 25 August 2006
India INR 8990 27 April 2007
Australia AU$329.95 May 24, 2007
Australia AU$279.95 April 3, 2007
Singapore S$ 279.00 June 9, 2007
United Kingdom GB￡180.00 September 1, 2005
United Kingdom GB￡149.99 April 3, 2007
United Kingdom GB￡129.99 May 4, 2007
In Japan a base unit package or Core Pack was available at launch and was later
released in North America and Europe. The Core Pack (or Base Pack in Australia)
contains the console, a battery, and an AC adapter. The Core Pack retails for
US$169.99, HK$1360, CDN$199.99,[verification needed] EU€169.99, AU$279.99 and
GB￡129.99.
The Value Pack contains everything the core does, as well as a 32 MB Memory
Stick Pro Duo, earphones with remote control, a slip-case, a wrist strap, and a
Sampler Disc (in some territories). The Value Pack retails for USD $219, CDN
$249.99, GBP ￡150.99, JPY ￥26,040, HKD $1660, SGD $335.00, EUR €209, AUD $349.95
and NZD $429.00. In some areas, the Value Pack has been superseded by the
Entertainment Pack, containing the items of the Core Pack plus a copy of ATV
Offroad Fury: Blazin' Trails, the UMD movie Lords of Dogtown, and a 1 GB Memory
Stick Pro Duo. The Giga Pack is similar to the value pack, except that the
Memory Stick Pro Duo is upped to 1 GB; it also includes a USB Cable and stand.
It retails for JPY ￥29,800, USD $299, CDN $349, and GBP ￡214. The Giga Pack is
still available in all territories except North America, as the deal was based
on a special offer that ended after the 2005 holiday season. Various other
packages also exist.
Optional accessories offered by Sony include the PlayStation Portable headset,
carrying case, extended-life 2200 mAh battery, headphones with remote control,
battery charger, car adapter, accessories pouch and cleaning cloth, AC adapter,
and system pouch and wrist strap.
Colors
The PlayStation Portable is currently available in six colors. They are in
black, ceramic white, pink, metallic blue, silver, and champagne gold. The
ceramic white variation is available in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand,
Singapore, Hong Kong, Australia, New Zealand, and Europe, while the pink
variation is available only in Europe, Hong Kong, Singapore and Japan. The
silver and metallic blue variations were released on 14 December 2006 and 21
December 2006 respectively in Japan and Hong Kong exclusively. Metallic Silver
and Gold colors are due out later this year in Europe. A "champagne gold"
colored PSP was released in Japan and Hong Kong on 22 February 2007. The PSP was
available in a camouflage livery in the MGS:PO special packaging on October 30,
2006.
Model Numbers
On the base of the PSP is the model number of the unit. This number indicates
the intended region the unit was designed for. These model numbers are as
follows:
PSP1000 - Japan
PSP1001 - USA
PSP1002 - Australia
PSP1003 - United Kingdom
PSP1004 - Europe, Middle East, and Africa
PSP1005 - Korea
PSP1006 - Hong Kong
PSP1007 - Taiwan
PSP1008 - Russia
PSP1009 - China
Camera, GPS and Digital TV Receiver
The PSP Camera and PSP GPS attachment were first announced for the PSP in March
2006.
Called the Quick Shot (ちょっとショット, Chotto Shot?), the PSP Camera supports video
and photo taking. The camera was released in Japan on November 1, 2006 for
￥5,000 (approximately $42 USD). The PSP camera has also been released in
Singapore on the same month for SGD various and Europe in 2006 for ￡34.99 under
the name of the Go!Cam. Included with the camera is the Go!Edit software for the
PSP that can be used to enhance captured movies and photos with sound effects
and graphical features.
The GPS receiver features support for GPS-enabled games such as a projected
re-release or update of Hot Shot Golf, as well as Metal Gear Solid: Portable
Ops. The GPS Receiver went on sale in Japan December 7, 2006 for ￥6,000
(approximately $50 USD), and is set for release in Europe under the name
Go!Explore in 2008.
Both the Camera and GPS peripherals have been confirmed for the U.S. but no date
has been stated.
Also announced at E3 2007, was a new Digital TV 1seg add-on tuner/receiver
peripheral for the current and new slim PlayStation Portables. It will launch
alongside the slim PSP, in Japan only (September 20, 2007), with a retail price
of ￥6,980 ($57). It will also include cables for TV tuning.
Web browser
The PSP Web BrowserThe PlayStation Portable web browser is an embedded
microbrowser. It is a version of the NetFront browser made by Access Co. Ltd.
and was released for free with the 2.00 firmware upgrade on July 27, 2005 in
Japan, August 24, 2005 in North America.
The browser supports most normal web technologies, such as CSS. There are 3
different rendering modes, "Normal", "Just-Fit", and "Smart-Fit". "Normal" will
display the page with no changes, "Just-Fit" will attempt to shrink some
elements to make the whole page fit on the screen and preserve layout, and
"Smart-Fit" will display content in the order it appears in the HTML, and with
no size adjustments; instead it will drop an element down below the preceding
element if it starts to go off the screen.
The browser also has full HTTP cookie and form support, as well as basic
JavaScript capabilities. However there is an input limit on form fields, making
the entering of large amounts of text, such as when editing a Wikipedia article,
nearly impossible.
Version 2.70 of the PSP firmware also introduced basic Flash playing
capabilities to the browser, however the player was only version 6, three
iterations behind the current desktop version 9.
Initial character encoding support was limited to Cyrillic (ISO-8859-5),
Japanese (EUC-JP), Japanese (Shift JIS), Korean (EUC-KR) and Western
(ISO-8859-1). The version 2.50 firmware upgrade added Unicode (UTF-8) and
Auto-Select as options in the browser's encoding menu, and also introduced the
saving of input history for online forms. Version 2.60 added Simplified Chinese
(GB18030) and Traditional Chinese (Big5) to the encoding menu.
The browser has a very basic user interface consisting of 2 bars that are hidden
during browsing and only displayed when the user taps "". The top bar of the
interface displays the page title (which scrolls if it is too long to fit on the
screen) and the current address. The bottom bar displays 10 icons: File, Back,
Forward, Refresh, Home, Bookmarks, History, View, Tools, and Help. File,
Bookmarks, History, View, and Tools all open submenus while Help displays a
diagram of the PSP system itself indicating the function of each button whilst
using the browser.
The browser also has limited tabbed browsing support, with a maximum of three
tabs. Pages are opened in new tabs either when a website tries to open a link in
a new window using target="blank" or when the user selects a link and holds down
rather than just tapping it. The user switches between tabs by holding "" and
tapping the shoulder buttons.
If a page requires too many resources, the browser will refuse to load it.
Games
Pursuit Force, one of the best selling titles.Main articles: List of PlayStation
Portable games and List of PlayStation Network games
In addition to playing PlayStation Portable games, there have been new releases
of downloadable PlayStation games that can be played via emulation for the
PlayStation Portable. Currently, the only official way to access this feature is
through the PlayStation Network service for PlayStation 3.
The PlayStation Portable's analog stick, often referred to as the analog "nub",
is a circular disc which slides rather than tilts. The analog stick can also be
easily removed and replaced with an alternative third party stick.
Demos
M List of PlayStation Portable game demos
Demos for commercial PlayStation Portable games can be downloaded and booted
directly from the Memory Stick PRO Duo. Demos are also sometimes issued in UMD
format and mailed out or given to customers at various retail outlets as
promotional content. Demos can also either be downloaded to a personal computer
and later transferred into the "GAME" file on the PSP's Memory Stick or
downloaded directly to the PSP using the PSP's system browser.
Greatest Hits titles
M List of Sony Greatest Hits games
During E3 2006, Sony Computer Entertainment America announced that the Greatest
Hits range of budget titles were to be extended to the PSP system. On July 25,
2006, Sony CEA released the first batch of Greatest Hits titles. The PSP
Greatest Hits lineup consist of games that have sold 250,000 copies or more and
have been out for 9 months. Every PSP game in this lineup will retail for $19.99
each.
Sony Computer Entertainment Europe announced at around the same time the
availability of a number of titles under the Platinum range for €24.99 each in
the Eurozone and ￡19.99 in the UK.
Multimedia playback
MagicGate Memory Stick Slot
PSP Slim MagicGate Memory Stick Slot
Full screen resolution (480×272) video playback from Memory StickThe Playstation
Portable is also able to playback movies on a UMD Universal Media Disk format.
PlayStation Portable's audio player supports a number of audio codecs, including
ATRAC, AAC, MP3, and WMA, and has the option to be played with or without a set
of five visualizations. The image viewer will display several common image
formats including JPEG, Bitmap, and PNG. However, image viewing is limited by
the file size and resolution of the image and any image exceeding a file size or
resolution cannot be displayed. This is usually the case with attempting to show
DSLR images on a PlayStation Portable.
MPEG-4 and AVC video formats are also compatible with PlayStation Portable. With
reasonable video and audio bit-rate settings (a resolution of 320×240, a video
bit rate of 500 Kb per second, and an audio sampling rate of 22050 Hz) a 22
minute video file is roughly 55 MB, enough to fit on a Memory Stick Duo as small
as a 64 MB. At the same rate, a hundred-minute feature film can fit on a 256 MB
Memory Stick. As of firmware update version 3.30, H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Main Profile
video files of the following sizes can be played: 720×480, 352×480, and 480×272.
Many video files, both free-to-distribute and copyrighted, have been encoded for
the PlayStation Portable and are available on the Internet. Game and movie
trailers are increasingly available, even from studios' official websites.
There are numerous software applications and hardware devices specifically
designed for PlayStation Portable's various media-centric applications. One of
the best known software is PSPVideo9, which has the ability to convert any video
file to a watchable psp format. Interestingly enough, any videos downloaded to a
psp are viewable through a streaming USB connection to any Xbox 360 or
PlayStation 3, which then makes them viewable on a television.
Wireless networking
The PlayStation Portable can connect to a wireless network through Wi-Fi IEEE
802.11b. This allows 2-16 players with PlayStation Portables to create a local,
ad-hoc network for multiplayer gameplay, and also allows the PSP user to connect
to the internet via an internet-connected Wi-Fi router. By connecting to the
internet, players can compete against other players also connected to the
internet, or browse the web and download files to the Memory Stick via the
built-in Access Co. NetFront browser. Use of wireless network features
unfortunately increases the power consumption and results in a lower battery
life. Homebrew developers have made Microsoft Windows like portals through the
browser to make it look like their PSP systems were running Windows.
The PlayStation Portable features a standard IrDA port located on the top left
of the device. To date, the only games or applications to leverage this feature
have been homebrew. This can be used to control many TVs as well as other
infrared devices. The port is absent from the new PSP slim redesign, which was
probably removed due to the lack of any official software that utilised it.
Instead, the Wifi switch has moved to the top where the port previously was, so
gamers do not accidentally turn wifi off when browsing the web, playing online,
etc.
Internet connectivity
M List of PlayStation Portable Wi-Fi games
The PlayStation Portable's main menu allows the user to configure the system for
use across the Internet or an intranet via a wireless connection, known as
infrastructure mode. The PlayStation Portable's menu can recognize protected and
non-protected wireless networks within its range, and supports connecting to WEP
and WPA encrypted networks.
Use of infrastructure networks in PlayStation Portable software began with a
small number of titles at the U.S. launch, supporting online play. South Korean
PlayStation Portables have shipped with software providing web browsing and
multimedia streaming features, but only through company-owned Wi-Fi hot spots,
and with a monthly fee.
Sony's LocationFree Player allows users to stream live television broadcasts (or
other video content) to their PlayStation Portable, within their WiFi network,
or remotely via the Internet.
RSS feeds
The RSS features allow the user to download video web feeds or listen to
podcasts from websites. RSS or podcast content can be saved to the Memory Stick
Duo. Audio (and more recently video,) content can be streamed and played "live."
After the release of firmware 3.50, there is now a RSS Guide function.
Ad-hoc networks
Ad-hoc wireless networking allows for up to 16 PlayStation Portables within
range to communicate directly to each other (typically for multi player gaming).
One unit acts as the host for a game, which is available to other PlayStation
Portable units within that system's range, and appears in a list when the client
PlayStation Portable searches for available hosts. One can also use an Ad-Hoc
network to send images from one PlayStation Portable to another by use of the
"send" and "receive" functions that appear in the "PHOTO" menu.
Gamesharing
M List of PlayStation Portable Gamesharing games
Some titles for the PlayStation Portable support a feature dubbed "gamesharing,"
which facilitates a limited set of multi player features between two PlayStation
Portables with only one copy of the game UMD. A reduced version of the game
being shared is transferred to the PlayStation Portable without a UMD via the
PlayStation Portable's Wi-Fi connection, whereupon it is loaded into RAM and
runs.
Such "gameshare versions" of titles usually have their feature set reduced
because of technical limitations. This is mainly due to transfer times since
data for the game must be transferred to the second PlayStation Portable
wirelessly, at a rate of 11 megabits per second.
Design and specifications
Technical specifications
The PlayStation Portable was designed by Shin'ichi Ogasawara (小笠原伸一) for the
Sony Computer Entertainment subsidiary of Sony Corporation. Early models were
made in Japan but in order to cut costs, Sony has farmed out PlayStation
Portable production to non-Japanese manufacturers, mainly in China.
The unit measures 170 mm (6.7 inches) in length, 74 mm (2.9 inches) in width,
and 23 mm (0.9 inches) in depth, and has a mass of 280 grams (a weight of 0.62
lb) including the battery. The Samsung (previously Sharp) branded TFT LCD screen
measures 110 mm (4.3 in) diagonal with a 16:9 ratio and a 480×272 pixel
resolution capable of 16.77 million colors. It has four possible brightness
settings, the brightest of which is disabled in the older firmware versions
unless on A/C power.
The PlayStation Portable's main microprocessor is a multifunction device named
"Allegrex" that includes a 32-bit MIPS32 R4k-based CPU, a Floating Point Unit,
and a Vector Floating Point Unit. Additionally, there is a processor block known
as "Media Engine" that contains another 32-bit MIPS32 R4k-base CPU, hardware for
multimedia decoding (such as H.264), and a programmable DSP dubbed "Virtual
Mobile Engine". The secondary CPU present in the Media Engine is functionally
equivalent to the primary CPU save for a lack of a VPU. The MIPS CPU cores are
globally clocked between 1 and 333 MHz. During the 2005 GDC, Sony revealed that
it had capped the PlayStation Portable's CPU clock speed at 222 MHz for licensed
software. Its reasons for doing so are unknown, but are the subject of some
speculation. Various homebrew tools enable users to operate at 333 MHz,
generally leading to a higher frame rate at the expense of battery life. On June
22, 2007, Sony Computer Entertainment confirmed that the firmware version 3.50
does in fact remove this restriction and allows future games to run at the full
333 MHz speed. It does not affect already-released games.
The system has 32 MiB main RAM and 4 MiB embedded DRAM. The 4 MiB of eDRAM
consists of 2MiB dedicated to the Graphics Unit and 2MB dedicated to the Media
Engine secondary processor. There is no memory management unit for either CPU.
No evidence of a TLB has been found. The co processor that normally manages the
TLB-based MMU seems to be a custom effort by Sony and has no integrated memory.
Both CPUs contain 16KiB of two-way set associative instruction cache and data
cache respectively. There is additionally 16KiB of scratchpad RAM which, while
faster than main RAM, is not nearly as fast as the integrated cache.
The 166 MHz graphics chip has 2 MiB embedded memory and through its 512 bit
interface provides hardware polygon and NURBS rendering, hardware directional
lighting, clipping, environment projection and texture mapping, texture
compression and tessellation, fogging, alpha blending, depth and stencil tests,
vertex blending for morphing effects, and dithering, all in 16 or 24 bit color.
The graphics chip also handles image output. Specifications state that the
PlayStation Portable is capable of rendering 33 million flat-shaded polygons per
second, with a 664 million pixel per second fill rate.
Optical drive
See also: Universal Media Disc
The PlayStation Portable uses a drive compatible with Sony's proprietary
Universal Media Disc format. Use of the drive increases battery drain by
approximately 10% and the system has been criticized for having very slow data
transfer speeds, translating into load times of more than 2 minutes in total for
some games. However this has been improved with the redesigned PSP as it now has
a longer battery life and faster loading times.
Controls
Despite its movie and music playback capabilities, the PlayStation Portable has
primarily gaming-oriented controls (as opposed to the controls typical to
television remotes or MP3 players): two shoulder buttons, the PlayStation face
buttons (, , , ), start and select buttons, a digital 4-directional pad, and an
analog nub. There is also a row of secondary controls along the underside of the
screen, for controlling volume, music settings (either switching the audio off
and on in games or selecting different equalizer presets), screen brightness,
and a "Home" button for accessing the system's main menu.
Battery life
PlayStation Portable's default battery life varies widely depending on
application from less than 3 hours while accessing a wireless network and having
screen brightness on its highest setting to more than 11 hours during MP3
playback with the screen turned off. An extended-life 2200 mAh battery will
increase this by approximately 20%. A sleep mode is also available that uses
minimal battery power to keep the system's RAM active, allowing for "instant on"
functionality. A system in sleep mode (with a fully-charged battery) has been
shown to lose an average of only 1% battery life per 24-hour period.
At E3 2007, new information about the "SLIM PSP" was released, including news
that the new PSP will have improved battery life. This new PSP will use a
thinner battery, its standard having a capacity of 2200 mAh vs 1800 of the
original PSP. However, that information turned out to be false, as the new PSP,
now known as the PSP Slim & Lite, actually uses a smaller capacity battery of
1200 mAh. Overall, the PSP Slim & Lite has the same battery life as the original
console, due to the lower power consumption. Original batteries will be
compatible with this new PSP, however, the battery cover will not be able to fit
over the battery but Sony is reportedly working on a workaround.
Interface
The PlayStation Portable's main menu interface is the "XrossMediaBar" (XMB) used
by recent Sony TVs, the PSX (DVR) hardware, and the PlayStation 3. It consists
of a horizontal sequence of icons, in this case Settings, Photo, Music, Video,
Game, and Network, which show a vertical sequence of sub-icons when highlighted.
The XMB allows the user to adjust settings, connect the device to a PC (via
USB), connect to and browse the Internet, and play video, audio, and games. The
XMB may be accessed at any time in a game by pressing the Home button, but
unlike the PS3, which allows access to the XMB with a game running in the
background, the PSP must exit the currently running game due to memory
limitations.
The PSP's default background color changes depending on the current month of the
year. The user may also manually set the color or specify a background image
from a connected Memory Stick (with firmware version 2.00+). Firmware 3.70 and
higher include the Custom Theme feature, which lets a user change everything in
the interface (Icons, Background). Currently, there are 10 official themes:
Lemmings, Wipeout, "Cookies," "Pink," and 6 different themes based off of the
game Pursuit Force.
PSP Slim & Lite
The PSP Slim & Lite, in silverM PlayStation Portable Slim & Lite
At E3 2007, Sony released information that a new version of the PSP would be
released in September 2007, for all regions. The new PSP is 33% lighter (reduced
from 280g to 189g) and 19% thinner than the original PSP system. The redesign
now also features a TV Output, supports charging via USB, and double the onboard
RAM (32MB to 64MB). It also caches UMD data in memory to decrease game loading
times. The WLAN switch has been moved to the top where the old IR Receiver was
to avoid accidental switching, and the speakers have been moved from the bottom
of the unit to the face to combat the poor volume and audio quality of the old
model.
System Software
M PlayStation Portable System Software
Each PlayStation Portable runs a particular version of the PSP system software
(Sony's name for the unit's firmware), which comprises the device's operating
system and additional core functionality. System software updates can be
obtained in four ways:
Direct download to the PSP over Wi-Fi. This can be performed by choosing
"Settings", "Network Update" from the XMB.
Download to a PC, then transfer to the PSP via a USB cable or Memory Stick.
Included on the UMD of most games. These games may not run with earlier firmware
than the version on their UMD.
Download from a PS3 to a PSP system via USB cable. (Japanese Version Only)
While system software updates can be used with consoles from any region, Sony
recommends only downloading system software updates released for the region
corresponding to the system's place of purchase. System software updates have
added various features including a web browser, Adobe flash support, additional
codecs for images, audio, and video, PlayStation 3 connectivity, as well as
patches against several security exploits, vulnerabilities, and execution of
homebrew programs. If the power supply is lost while writing to or updating the
system software, the console will no longer be able to boot. As of September 13,
2007, the latest version of the System Software is 3.71.
Homebrew development
M PlayStation Portable homebrew
In May 2005, it was found that PlayStation Portables using the 1.00 version of
the firmware (meaning original, first launch Japanese-only PlayStation
Portables) could execute unsigned code. What this meant in practice was that
these PlayStation Portables could run homebrew software, as the mechanism for
checking to make sure that software has been approved by Sony had not yet been
activated. Later exploits have allowed for PlayStation Portables using later
versions of Sony's firmware to run homebrew applications, and development of new
exploits to bypass new restrictions to limit unauthorized programs is ongoing.
Utilizing homebrew applications allows for a significant increase in
functionality on the PSP, such as FLAC and Ogg Vorbis audio playback, emulation
of dozens of different video game systems, and eBook viewing. Since the creation
of the Pandora's Battery software by a conglomeration of PSP homebrew
developers, any PSP may be hacked to utilize homebrew software, regardless of
its firmware version.
PlayStation Store (PC)
On September 20, 2007, SCEI launched the PlayStation Store (PC) for the PSP, an
online shopping service similar to the PlayStation Store for the Playstation 3.
The service is only available in Japan.
Controversial advertising campaigns
Sony admitted in late 2005 to hiring graffiti artists to spray paint
advertisements for the PSP in seven major U.S. cities including New York City,
Philadelphia, and San Francisco. The mayor of Philadelphia has filed a cease and
desist order and may file a criminal complaint. According to Sony, it is paying
businesses and building owners for the right to graffiti their walls.
In 2006, Sony ran a poster campaign in England. One of the poster designs with
the slogan "Take a running jump here" was removed from a Manchester Piccadilly
station tram platform due to concerns that it might encourage suicide.
News spread on in July 2006 of a billboard advertisement released in the
Netherlands which depicted a literally white colored woman holding a similarly
literally black colored woman by the jaw, saying "PlayStation Portable White is
coming." Some found this to be racially charged due to the portrayal of a white
woman subjugating a black woman. Two other similar advertisements also existed,
one had the two women facing each other on equal footing in fighting stances,
while the other had the black woman in a dominant position on top of the white
woman. The stated purpose of the advertisements was to contrast the white and
black versions of its game console available for sale. These ads were never
released in the rest of the world, and were pulled from the Netherlands after
the controversy was raised.
Sony came under scrutiny online in December 2006 for a guerrilla marketing
campaign hoping to go viral, for the console, with advertisers masquerading as
young bloggers who desperately wanted a PSP. The site was registered to and
created by youth marketing company Zipatoni on behalf of Sony before it was
taken down
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